When Professional Counseling Can Be Beneficial

The following indicators might be useful in making a decision about referring a student to the C&PS:

1. Stated Need for Help
   The desire for help in dealing with a problem may be stated directly or indirectly. Having someone listen attentively to one's concerns is often a cathartic experience for the speaker which, in and of itself, can result in that individual feeling somewhat better.
2. References to Suicide
   If an individual talks about or alludes to details of how, when, or where they may be contemplating suicide, then immediate referral is necessary. Regardless of the circumstances or context, any reference to committing suicide should be considered serious. To conclude that a student's suicidal talk is simply a bid for attention is extremely risky, and a judgment about the seriousness and possible lethality of the suicidal thought or gesture should not be made without consultation with a professional mental health worker. In the case of an actual suicide attempt, immediately call the University police.
3. Changes in Mood or Behavior
   Actions which are inconsistent with an individual's normal behavior may indicate that they are experiencing psychological distress. An individual who withdraws from usual social interaction, demonstrates an unwillingness to communicate, has spells of unexplained crying or outbursts of anger, or demonstrates unusual irritability may be suffering from symptoms associated with a psychological problem.
4. Anxiety and Depression
   Anxiety and depression are two of the more common symptoms which can present significant problems for students. Both of these rather common emotional states can impair an individual's normal functioning when they become prolonged or severe. When an individual's ability to function in a usual manner becomes impaired because of anxiety or depression, some kind of assistance should be recommended.
5. Psychosomatic Symptoms
   Individuals who experience tension-induced headaches, nausea, or other physical pains which have no apparent organic cause may be experiencing psychosomatic symptoms. Such psychosomatic symptoms are physically real, including the pain. Other physical symptoms of possible problems may include a loss of appetite or excessive eating, insomnia or excessive sleeping, gastrointestinal distress or gynecological problems.
6. Traumatic Changes in Personal Relationships
   Personal problems often result when an individual experiences a traumatic change in a personal relationship. The death of a family member or close friend, difficulties in marriage or family relationships, divorce, changes in family responsibilities, and difficulties in other significant relationships can all result in increased stress and psychological difficulties.
7. Drug and Alcohol Abuse
   Indications of excessive drinking, drug abuse, or drug dependence are almost always indicative of psychological problems. In the case of a drug overdose or severe drug reaction, call the University Police
8. Cutting/Self Injury
   In recent years there has been a substantial increase in the number of students who cut/burn or injure themselves in some other way to manage intense feelings.   These students are usually not trying to commit suicide but rather find self-injury relieves difficult feelings, helps to communicate their pain, or helps them to feel in control of earlier traumatic experiences that may be unconscious.
9. Learning Problems
   Many students find the demands of college-level academic work to be greater than they anticipated. While it is expected that all students will go through some adjustment period in this regard, some students may experience prolonged difficulties and may be in need of assistance. Poor study habits, incapacitating test anxiety, or repeated absences from class are all issues which might benefit from counseling services.
10. Retention Issues
    Research conducted at the University has shown that counseling services are effective in combating student attrition. Students who are considering dropping out of school, contemplating a transfer to another institution of higher education, or worrying about possible academic failure may find counseling to be a useful resource during their decision-making.

Counseling Services for Faculty and Staff

While Counseling & Psychological Services does not provide ongoing counseling services for University employees, staff psychologists will talk with such individuals to assist in making an appropriate referral to another source of help. The University provides an Employee Assistance Program for all employees and their family members.  Employees can call (800) 888-2998.

Referrals to Other Sources of Assistance

Sources of assistance for students are not limited to professional counseling, but may include referral to a physician, the Office of Health Promotion within Health Services, the Office of Residential Life, Academic Advising, Career Services, the parents, a hall director, or a member of the clergy, etc. For this reason, knowledge of persons, offices, and agencies that can be of service to the student is of primary importance. Students become discouraged and frustrated when they feel passed along from office to office without receiving the assistance needed. If you are unsure of the appropriate place to send a student for specific information or help, please feel free to call C&PS (619) 594-5220 for information or consultation as to the various sources of help on campus.